About Class XI Course Syllabus (Code No. 044)
Session 2025-26
The present curriculum provides the students with updated concepts along with an extended exposure to contemporary areas of the subject. The curriculum also aims at emphasizing the underlying principles that are common to animals, plants and microorganisms as well as highlighting the relationship of Biology with other areas of knowledge. The format allows a simple, clear, sequential flow of concepts. It relates the study of biology to real life through the developments in use of technology. It links the discoveries and innovations in biology to everyday life such as environment, industry, health and agriculture. The updated curriculum also focuses on understanding and application of scientific principles, while ensuring that ample opportunities and scope for learning and appreciating basic concepts continue to be available within its framework. The prescribed syllabus is expected to:
- promote understanding of basic principles of Biology
- encourage learning of emerging knowledge and its relevance to individual and society
- promote rational/scientific attitude towards issues related to population, environment and development
- enhance awareness about environmental issues, problems and their appropriate solutions
- create awareness amongst the learners about diversity in the living organisms and developing respect for other living beings
- appreciate that the most complex biological phenomena are built on essentially simple processes
It is expected that the students would get an exposure to various branches of Biology in the curriculum in a more contextual and systematic manner as they study its various units.
Class XI (2025-26) (Theory)
Biology (Code No. 044) Course Structure
Time: 03 Hours
Max. Marks: 70
| Unit |
Title |
Marks |
| I |
Diversity of Living Organisms |
15 |
| II |
Structural Organization in Plants and Animals |
10 |
| III |
Cell: Structure and Function |
15 |
| IV |
Plant Physiology |
12 |
| V |
Human Physiology |
18 |
|
Total |
70 |
Chapter-1: The Living World
- Biodiversity; Need for classification; three domains of life; taxonomy and systematics; conceptof species and taxonomical hierarchy; binomial nomenclature
Chapter-2: Biological Classification
- Five kingdom classification; Salient features and classification of Monera, Protista and Fungi into major groups; Lichens, Viruses and Viroids.
Chapter-3: Plant Kingdom
- Classification of plants into major groups; Salient and distinguishing features and a few examples of Algae, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae (Topics excluded Angiosperms, Plant Life Cycle and Alternation of Generations)
Chapter-4: Animal Kingdom
- Salient features and classification of animals, non-chordates up to phyla level and chordates upto class level (salient features and at a few examples of each category).
(No live animals or specimen should be displayed.)
Chapter-5: Morphology of Flowering Plants
- Morphology of different parts of flowering plants: root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit and seed. Description of family Solanaceae
Chapter-6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants
- Anatomy and functions of tissue systems in dicots and monocots.
Chapter-7: Structural Organisation in Animals
- Morphology, Anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of frog.
Chapter-8: Cell-The Unit of Life
- Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life, structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; Plant cell and animal cell; cell envelope; cell membrane, cell wall; cell organelles structure and function; endomembrane system, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles, mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, microbodies; cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (ultrastructure and function); nucleus.
Chapter-9: Biomolecules
- Chemical constituents of living cells: biomolecules, structure and function of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids; Enzyme - types, properties, enzyme action. (Topics excluded: Nature of Bond Linking Monomers in a Polymer, Dynamic State of Body Constituents Concept of Metabolism, Metabolic Basis of Living, The Living State)
Chapter-10: Cell Cycle and Cell Division
- Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance
Chapter-13: Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
- Photosynthesis as a means of autotrophic nutrition; site of photosynthesis, pigments involved in photosynthesis (elementary idea); photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis; cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation; chemiosmotic hypothesis; photorespiration; C3 and C4 pathways; factors affecting photosynthesis.
Chapter-14: Respiration in Plants
- Exchange of gases; cellular respiration - glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle and electron transport system (aerobic); energy relations - number of ATP molecules generated; amphibolic pathways; respiratory quotient.
Chapter-15: Plant - Growth and Development
- Seed germination; phases of plant growth and plant growth rate; conditions of growth; differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation; sequence of developmental processes in a plant cell; plant growth regulators - auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA.
Chapter-17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases
- Respiratory organs in animals (recall only); Respiratory system in humans; mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans - exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration, respiratory volume; disorders related to respiration asthma, emphysema, Occupationalrespiratory disorders.
Chapter-18: Body Fluids and Circulation
- Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood; composition of lymph and its function; human circulatory system Structure of human heart and blood vessels; cardiac cycle, cardiac output, ECG; double circulation; regulation of cardiac activity; disorders of circulatory system - hypertension, coronary artery disease, angina pectoris, heart failure.
Chapter-19: Excretory Products and their Elimination
- Modes of excretion - ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; human excretory system structure and function; urine formation, osmoregulation; regulation of kidney function - renin - angiotensin, atrial natriuretic factor, ADH and diabetes insipidus; role of other organs in excretion; disorders - uremia, renal failure, renal calculi, nephritis; dialysis and artificial kidney, kidney transplant.
Chapter-20: Locomotion and Movement
- Types of movement - ciliary, flagellar, muscular; skeletal muscle, contractile proteins and muscle contraction; skeletal system and its functions; joints; disorders of muscular and skeletal systems - myasthenia gravis, tetany, muscular dystrophy, arthritis, osteoporosis, gout.
Chapter-21: Neural Control and Coordination
- Neuron and nerves; Nervous system in humans - central nervous system; peripheral nervous system and visceral nervous system; generation and conduction of nerve impulse
Chapter-22: Chemical Coordination and Integration
- Endocrine glands and hormones; human endocrine system - hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, gonads; mechanism of hormone action (elementary idea); role of hormones as messengers and regulators, hypo- and hyperactivity and related disorders; dwarfism, acromegaly, cretinism, goiter, exophthalmic goitre, diabetes, Addison's disease.
Note: Diseases related to all the human physiological systems to be taught in brief.
Question Paper Design (Theory) 2025-26 Class XII Biology (044)
| Competencies |
|
| Demonstrate Knowledge and Understanding |
50% |
| Application of Knowledge / Concepts |
30% |
| Analyse, Evaluate and Create |
20% |
Note:
- Typology of questions: VSA including MCQs, Assertion - Reasoning type questions; SA; LA-I; LA-II; Source-based/ Case-based/ Passage-based/ Integrated assessment questions.
- An internal choice of approximately 33% would be provided.
Suggestive verbs for various competencies
- Demonstrate, Knowledge and Understanding
State, name, list, identify, define, suggest, describe, outline, summarize, etc.
- Application of Knowledge/Concepts
Calculate, illustrate, show, adapt, explain, distinguish, etc.
- Analyze, Evaluate and Create
Interpret, analyse, compare, contrast, examine, evaluate, discuss, construct, etc.
Fees
BIOLOGY XI and XII (Same for STATE BOARD & CBSE)
| COMPLETE COURSE |
REVISION
DECEMBER TO FEBRUARY
|
| Rs.14,000/- |
Rs.10,000/- |
Those who register for complete course, they need not pay for revision classes.
Features of the Class
Real-Time Experts as Trainers
These trainers have worked on real-world projects and challenges. They bring case
studies, examples, and scenarios that are directly applicable to current educational
practices, helping learners bridge the gap between theory and application.
Affordable Fees
Affordable training programs create opportunities for individuals from all walks of
life to access high-quality learning resources.
Flexibility
Many programs allow learners to progress at their own pace. This means that they can
spend more time on topics they find challenging and move quickly through areas they
already understand, resulting in a personalized learning experience.
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