About Class XI Course Syllabus
Session 2025-26
Rationale
Higher Secondary is the most crucial stage of school education because at this juncture specialized discipline based, content-oriented courses are introduced. Students reach this stage after 10 years of general education and opt for Chemistry with a purpose of pursuing their career in basic sciences or professional courses like medicine, engineering, technology and study courses in applied areas of science and technology at tertiary level. Therefore, there is a need to provide learners with sufficient conceptual background of Chemistry, which will make them competent to meet the challenges of academic and professional courses after the senior secondary stage.
The new and updated curriculum is based on disciplinary approach with rigour and depth taking care that the syllabus is not heavy and at the same time it is comparable to the international level. The knowledge related to the subject of Chemistry has undergone tremendous changes during the past one decade. Many new areas like synthetic materials, bio -molecules, natural resources, industrial chemistry are coming in a big way and deserve to be an integral part of chemistry syllabus at senior secondary stage. At international level, new formulations and nomenclature of elements and compounds, symbols and units of physical quantities floated by scientific bodies like IUPAC and CGPM are of immense importance and need to be incorporated in the updated syllabus. The revised syllabus takes care of all these aspects. Greater emphasis has been laid on use of new nomenclature, symbols and formulations, teaching of fundamental concepts, application of concepts in chemistry to industry/ technology, logical sequencing of units, removal of obsolete content and repetition, etc.
Objectives
The curriculum of Chemistry at Senior Secondary Stage aims to:
- promote understanding of basic facts and concepts in chemistry while retaining the excitement of chemistry.
- make students capable of studying chemistry in academic and professional courses (such as medicine, engineering, technology) at tertiary level.
- expose the students to various emerging new areas of chemistry and apprise them with their relevance in future studies and their application in various spheres of chemical sciences and technology.
- equip students to face various challenges related to health, nutrition, environment, population, weather, industries and agriculture.
- develop problem solving skills in students.
- expose the students to different processes used in industries and their technological applications.
- apprise students with interface of chemistry with other disciplines of science such as physics, biology, geology, engineering etc.
- acquaint students with different aspects of chemistry used in daily life.
- develop an interest in students to study chemistry as a discipline.
- integrate life skills and values in the context of chemistry.
COURSE STRUCTURE
CLASS-XI (THEORY) (2025-26)
| S.NO |
UNIT |
No. of Periods |
Marks |
| 1 |
Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry |
12 |
7 |
| 2 |
Structure of Atom |
14 |
9 |
| 3 |
Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties |
8 |
6 |
| 4 |
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure |
14 |
7 |
| 5 |
Chemical Thermodynamics |
16 |
9 |
| 6 |
Equilibrium |
14 |
7 |
| 7 |
Redox Reactions |
6 |
4 |
| 8 |
Organic Chemistry: Some basic Principles and Techniques |
14 |
11 |
| 9 |
Hydrocarbons |
12 |
10 |
|
TOTAL |
|
70 |
Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry (12 Periods)
- General Introduction: Importance and scope of Chemistry.
- Nature of matter, laws of chemical combination, Dalton's atomic theory: concept of elements, atoms and molecules.
- Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept and molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formula, chemical reactions, stoichiometry and calculations based on stoichiometry.
Structure of Atom (14 Periods)
- Discovery of Electron, Proton and Neutron, atomic number, isotopes and isobars. Thomson's model and its limitations. Rutherford's model and its limitations, Bohr's model and its limitations, concept of shells and subshells, dual nature of matter and light, de Broglie's relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, concept of orbitals, quantum numbers, shapes of s, p and d orbitals, rules for filling electrons in orbitals - Aufbau principle, Pauli's exclusion principle and Hund's rule, electronic configuration of atoms, stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals.
Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties (08 Periods)
- Significance of classification, brief history of the development of periodic table, modern periodic law and the present form of periodic table, periodic trends in properties of elements -atomic radii, ionic radii, inert gas radii, lonization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity, valency. Nomenclature of elements with atomic number greater than 100.
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure (14 Periods)
- Valence electrons, ionic bond, covalent bond, bond parameters, Lewis structure, polar character of covalent bond, covalent character of ionic bond, valence bond theory, resonance, geometry of covalent molecules, VSEPR theory, concept of hybridization, involving s, p and d orbitals and shapes of some simple molecules, molecular orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules(qualitative idea only), Hydrogen bond.
Chemical Thermodynamics (16 Periods)
- Concepts of System and types of systems, surroundings, work, heat, energy, extensive and intensive properties, state functions.
- First law of thermodynamics -internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity and specific heat, measurement of OU and OH, Hess's law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, ionization, solution and dilution. Second law of Thermodynamics (brief introduction)
- Introduction of entropy as a state function, Gibb's energy change for spontaneous and non- spontaneous processes, criteria for equilibrium.
- Third law of thermodynamics (brief introduction).
Equilibrium (14 Periods)
-
Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, dynamic nature of equilibrium, law of mass action, equilibrium constant, factors affecting equilibrium - Le Chatelier's principle, ionic equilibrium-ionization of acids and bases, strong and weak electrolytes, degree of ionization, ionization of poly basic acids, acid strength, concept of pH, hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea), buffer solution, Henderson Equation, solubility product, common ion effect (with illustrative examples).
Redox Reactions (06 Periods)
- Concept of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, balancing redox reactions, in terms of loss and gain of electrons and change in oxidation number, applications of redox reactions.
Organic Chemistry -Some Basic Principles and Techniques (14 Periods )
- General introduction, methods of purification, qualitative and quantitative analysis, classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds. Electronic displacements in a covalent bond: inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance and hyper conjugation. Homolytic and heterolytic fission of a covalent bond: free radicals, carbocations, carbanions, electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of organic reactions.
Hydrocarbons
Classification of Hydrocarbons
(12 Periods )
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons
- Alkanes - Nomenclature, isomerism, conformation (ethane only), physical properties, chemical reactions including free radical mechanism of halogenation, combustion and pyrolysis. Alkenes - Nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethene), geometrical isomerism, physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: addition of hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides (Markovnikov's addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition.
- Alkynes - Nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: acidic character of alkynes, addition reaction of - hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water.
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
- Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature, benzene: resonance, aromaticity, chemical properties: mechanism of electrophilic substitution. Nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft's alkylation and acylation, directive influence of functional group in monosubstituted benzene. Carcinogenicity and toxicity.
CHEMISTRY (Code No. 043) QUESTION PAPER DESIGN CLASSES -XI and XII 2025-26
| S |
Domains |
Total Marks % |
% |
| 1 |
Remembering and Understanding:
Exhibit memory of previously learned material by recalling facts, terms, basic concepts and answers. Demonstrate understanding of facts and ideas by organizing, comparing, translating, interpreting, giving descriptions and stating main ideas.
|
28 |
40 |
| 2 |
Applying:
Solve problems to new situations by applying acquired knowledge, facts, techniques and rules in a different way.
|
21 |
30 |
| 3 |
Analysing, Evaluating and Creating:
Examine and break information into parts by identifying motives or causes. Make inferences and find evidence to support generalizations. Present and defend opinions by making judgments about information, validity of ideas or quality of work based on a set of criteria.
Compile information together in a different way by combining elements in a new pattern or proposing alternative solutions.
|
21 |
30 |
1. No chapter wise weightage. Care to be taken to cover all the chapters.
2. Suitable internal variations may be made for generating various templates. Choice(s).
- There will be no overall choice in the question paper.
- However, 33% internal choices will be given in all the sections.
Fees
CHEMISTRY XI and XII (Same for STATE BOARD & CBSE)
| COMPLETE COURSE |
REVISION
DECEMBER TO FEBRUARY
|
| Rs.14,000/- |
Rs.10,000/- |
Those who register for complete course, they need not pay for revision classes.
Features of the Class
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already understand, resulting in a personalized learning experience.
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