About Class XII Course Syllabus
Senior Secondary stage of school education is a stage of transition from general education to
discipline-based focus on
curriculum. The present updated syllabus keeps in view the rigor and depth of disciplinary
approach as well as the
comprehension level of learners. Due care has also been taken that the syllabus is comparable to
the international
standards. Salient features of the syllabus include:
- Emphasis on basic conceptual understanding of the content.
- Emphasis on use of SI units, symbols, nomenclature of physical
quantities and formulations as per international standards.
- Providing logical sequencing of units of the subject matter and proper
placement of concepts with their linkage for better learning.
- Reducing the curriculum load by eliminating overlapping of
concepts/content within the discipline and other disciplines.
- Promotion of process-skills, problem-solving abilities and applications
of Physics concepts. Besides, the syllabus also attempts to Strengthen
the concepts developed at the secondary stage to provide firm
foundation for further learning in the subject.
Expose the learners to different processes used in Physics-related industrial and technological
applications. Develop
process-skills and experimental, observational, manipulative, decision making and investigatory
skills in the learners.
Promote problem solving abilities and creative thinking in learners. Develop conceptual
competence in the learners and
make them realize and appreciate the interface of Physics with other disciplines.
Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields
- Electric charges, Conservation of charge.
- Coulomb's law-force between two- point charges, forces between multiple charges;
- Superposition principle.
- Continuous charge distribution.
- Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines.
- Electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole.
- Torque on a dipole in uniform electric field.
- Electric flux.
- Statement of Gauss's theorem and its applications to find field due to
- infinitely long straight wire,
- uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and
- uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside)
Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
- Electric potential, potential difference
- Electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole, and system of charges
- Equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two-point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field
- Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor
- Dielectrics and electric polarization
- Capacitors and capacitance
- Combination of capacitors in series and in parallel
- Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates
- Energy stored in a capacitor (no derivation, formulae only)
Chapter–3: Current Electricity
- Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current
- Ohm's law, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear)
- Electrical energy and power
- Electrical resistivity and conductivity, temperature dependence of resistance
- Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell
- Combination of cells in series and in parallel
- Kirchhoff's rules, Wheatstone bridge
Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism
- Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment.
- Biot - Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop.
- Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire.
- Straight solenoid (only qualitative treatment),
- Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields.
- Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field,
- Force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere,
- Torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field;
- Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment,
- Moving coil galvanometer- its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.
Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter
- Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment only)
- Magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis (qualitative treatment only)
- Torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field (qualitative treatment only)
- Magnetic field lines
- Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro - magnetic substances with examples
- Magnetization of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties
Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction
- Electromagnetic induction
- Faraday's laws, induced EMF and current
- Lenz's Law
- Self-induction
- Mutual induction
Chapter–7: Alternating Current
- Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage
- Reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only)
- Resonance
- Power in AC circuits, power factor, wattless current
- AC generator
- Transformer
Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves
- Basic idea of displacement current,
- Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their transverse nature (qualitative idea only).
- Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses.
Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
Ray Optics:
- Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula,
- Refraction of light, total internal reflection and optical fibers,
- Refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens maker’s formula,
- Magnification, power of a lens,
- combination of thin lenses in contact,
- Refraction of light through a prism.
Optical instruments:
- Microscopes
- Astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers.
Chapter–10: Wave Optics
- Wave front and Huygen’s principle,
- Reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s principle.
- Interference, Young's double slit experiment and expression for fringe width (No derivation final expression only),
- coherent sources and sustained interference of light,
- Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maxima (qualitative treatment only).
Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
- Dual nature of radiation
- Photoelectric effect
- Hertz and Lenard's observations
- Einstein's photoelectric equation - particle nature of light
- Experimental study of photoelectric effect
- Matter waves - wave nature of particles
- De-Broglie wavelength
Chapter–12: Atoms
- Alpha-particle scattering experiment;
- Rutherford's model of atom;
- Bohr model of hydrogen atom,
- Expression for radius of nth possible orbit,
- velocity and energy of electron in nth orbit,
- Hydrogen line spectra (qualitative treatment only).
Chapter–13: Nuclei
- Composition and size of nucleus
- Nuclear force
- Mass-energy relation
- Mass defect
- Binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number
- Nuclear fission
- Nuclear fusion
Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics:
- Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits
- Energy bands in conductors, Semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only)
- Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors- p and n type
- p-n junction Semiconductor diode
- I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias
- Application of junction diode -diode as a rectifier
Fees
Total : Rs.14,000/- To complete the syllabus
Fee for chapter wise : Rs.2,000/-
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